Jurnal Al Muqtashid

TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP MODEL BAGI HASIL AKAD MUZARA’AH (Studi Kasus Garapan Sawah Desa Gandusari Kecamatan Gandusari, Kabupaten Trenggalek)

Sigit Suhandoyo — 2026-06-17

This research conducted in Gandusari Village, Trenggalek, East Java aims to examine the profit-sharing practice of the muzara’ah contract, the factors influencing farmers’ dissatisfaction with the profit-sharing of the muzara’ah contract, and the Islamic legal perspective on the profit-sharing model of the muzara’ah contract for rice field cultivation.

This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method on the community in Gandusari Village. Data were obtained through interviews, observation, and document study. Informants were selected purposively to represent tenant farmers, landowners, community leaders, village government officials, and local religious figures.

The findings show that muzara’ah practices in Gandusari Village vary depending on who bears the capital and operational costs. From the perspective of fiqh muamalah, the contract is valid according to the four madhabs if the nisbah, contributions, and risks are clear. However, oral agreements without documentation give rise to gharar and perceptions of injustice. Farmers’ dissatisfaction arises from power asymmetry that weakens bargaining position, as well as external factors such as low market prices and crop failure risks, which make profit-sharing disproportionate to workload. Although deliberation and mediation by community leaders can reduce conflict, informal mechanisms are risky when social authority is imbalanced. Therefore, to align with maqasid sharia and the principle of al-musawah al-nisbi, written contracts, cost transparency, strengthening of farmer groups, education on fiqh muamalah, and the role of the government as wali al-amr are needed so that muzara’ah can function as an effective Islamic economic instrument in realizing distributive justice and farmer empowerment..

ANALISIS HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTEK AKAD ISTISHNA (Studi Kasus UMKM Konveksi di Desa Rambah Tengah Utara, Rokan Hulu, Riau)

Hidayatur Rahman — 2026-06-17

This study aims to examine the practice of istishna’ contract in convection businesses in Rambah Tengah Utara Village, assess its compliance with Islamic law, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and propose solutions to align the practice with sharia principles. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation of convection entrepreneurs and consumers.

The findings show that the istishna’ practice in the tailoring-convection businesses of Rambah Tengah Utara Village has fulfilled the pillars and conditions of sharia, namely clear specifications, ijab-qabul, down payment, and the principles of amanah, khiyar, and avoidance of gharar in accordance with DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 06/DSN-MUI/IV/2000, thus supporting the real economy. Supporting factors include a flexible household-based business structure, mutual trust, flexible payment systems, labor-intensive operations, and digital marketing. Inhibiting factors include weak design verification, absence of written contracts, unilateral cancellation, and low sharia literacy. The solutions are: design verification using samples and a spec sheet, written agreements, down payment as ‘urbun, and practical education to keep the contract valid, fair, and blessed.

PRAKTIK SEWA SAWAH DENGAN PEMBAYARAN PADA MUSIM PANEN (Studi Kasus di Desa Semelagi Kecil, Singkawang Utara, Kalimantan )

Kalam Setia Purba — 2026-06-17

This study discusses the practice of land lease with payment made at harvest season carried out in Semelagi Kecil Village, North Singkawang District. This study aims to identify the practice of rice field land lease in the community tradition, what supporting factors encourage the community to carry out this practice, and how Islamic legal analysis views the practice of land lease with payment at harvest season.

This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, field observations, and documentation. The practice of rice field lease “pay at harvest” in Semelagi Kecil Village is a manifestation of agrarian culture based on trust, mutual cooperation, and deliberation, supported by farmers’ subsistence needs, communal relations, the ethic of ihsan from landowners, hereditary ‘urf shahih, and procedural justice through joint price determination. In terms of fiqh muamalah, this contract is valid as ijarah with deferred payment (mu’ajjal) because it fulfills the four pillars: the contracting parties, the benefit of the rice field, oral offer and acceptance, and a known wage agreed at the beginning. It is free from excessive gharar, and the practice of granting relief in case of crop failure constitutes tabarru’ after the contract. From the perspective of Islamic economics, this system realizes maqashid sharia by protecting small farmers, sharing risk, being efficient based on social capital, and being free from riba, thus making it inclusive for rural communities. Although the oral contract is valid and in line with the principles of justice, transparency, and mutual assistance in Islam, written documentation is still recommended as a precaution so that this good tradition remains fair and safe across generations.

STRATEGI PROGRAM STUDI HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI KEAGAMAAN ISLAM SWASTA DALAM MENJAWAB TANTANGAN KEBUTUHAN SDM BERINTEGRITAS

Kusnan Imran — 2026-06-17

Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (HES) pada Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Swasta (PTKIS) dalam menjawab tantangan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia yang berintegritas. Persoalan ini penting karena pendidikan tinggi saat ini dituntut tidak hanya menghasilkan lulusan yang menguasai aspek substantif keilmuan, tetapi juga memiliki etika akademik, tanggung jawab profesional, kemampuan adaptasi, dan kesiapan memasuki dunia kerja yang terus berubah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, kepustakaan, dan analitis. Bahan kajian terdiri atas buku dan artikel jurnal nasional serta internasional bereputasi yang membahas integritas akademik, employability, dan transformasi pendidikan tinggi Islam. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa strategi Prodi HES PTKIS perlu diarahkan pada enam aspek utama, yaitu: (1) reorientasi kurikulum integratif; (2) penguatan pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman; (3) pembentukan budaya integritas akademik; (4) peningkatan literasi digital; (5) pengembangan kemitraan kelembagaan; dan (6) penguatan riset serta sistem karier lulusan. Melalui strategi tersebut, Prodi HES PTKIS dapat menghasilkan lulusan yang tidak hanya kompeten dalam bidang hukum ekonomi syariah, tetapi juga memiliki integritas personal dan profesional yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat, lembaga keuangan syariah, institusi hukum, dan dunia usaha.

MANAJEMEN ZAKAT (Studi Kasus di Masjid Al-Muhharrib Yonif Mekanisme 202 Tajimalela Rawa Lumbu Kota Bekasi)

Nurhamidah — 2026-06-17

Manajemen zakat adalah suatu kegiatan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan terhadap pengumpulan dan pendistribusian serta pendayagunaan dana zakat.

Pengelolaan zakat di Indonesia dilakukan oleh BAZ/LAZ dengan cara mengambil atau menerima harta zakat dari muzakki (orang yang membayar zakat) dengan sepengetahuan dari muzakki itu sendiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk memeriksa perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengarahan, dan pengawasan terhadap dana zakat.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masjid Al Muharrib berhasil menjaga fokus, konsistensi, dan efisiensi pelaksanaan zakat dengan pendekatan holistik, partisipatif, dan kolaboratif. Namun, terdapat hambatan dalam tata kelola dan administrasi yang kurang efisien akibat keterbatasan tenaga administratif dan sistem yang belum terintegrasi sepenuhnya.

Solusi yang diusulkan meliputi peningkatan keahlian tenaga administratif, pembenahan sistem, dan peningkatan koordinasi tim pengelola zakat, dengan melibatkan peran aktif dari bendaraha DKM untuk memastikan akuntabilitas dan transparansi dalam penggunaan dana zakat.