PRAKTIK SEWA SAWAH DENGAN PEMBAYARAN PADA MUSIM PANEN (Studi Kasus di Desa Semelagi Kecil, Singkawang Utara, Kalimantan )

Abstrak

This study discusses the practice of land lease with payment made at harvest season carried out in Semelagi Kecil Village, North Singkawang District. This study aims to identify the practice of rice field land lease in the community tradition, what supporting factors encourage the community to carry out this practice, and how Islamic legal analysis views the practice of land lease with payment at harvest season.

            This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, field observations, and documentation. The practice of rice field lease “pay at harvest” in Semelagi Kecil Village is a manifestation of agrarian culture based on trust, mutual cooperation, and deliberation, supported by farmers’ subsistence needs, communal relations, the ethic of ihsan from landowners, hereditary ‘urf shahih, and procedural justice through joint price determination. In terms of fiqh muamalah, this contract is valid as ijarah with deferred payment (mu’ajjal) because it fulfills the four pillars: the contracting parties, the benefit of the rice field, oral offer and acceptance, and a known wage agreed at the beginning. It is free from excessive gharar, and the practice of granting relief in case of crop failure constitutes tabarru’ after the contract. From the perspective of Islamic economics, this system realizes maqashid sharia by protecting small farmers, sharing risk, being efficient based on social capital, and being free from riba, thus making it inclusive for rural communities. Although the oral contract is valid and in line with the principles of justice, transparency, and mutual assistance in Islam, written documentation is still recommended as a precaution so that this good tradition remains fair and safe across generations.